Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Is a tropical shrub producing a kind of essential oil. In international trade, patchouli oil known as oil of patchouli (from Tamil "patchai" (green) and "ellai '(leaf), because oil is distilled from the leaves). Plant patchouli form of a shrub that can reach one meter. These plants love the atmosphere of calm , warm, and humid. easy to wilt if exposed to direct sunlight or lack of water. the essential oil produced from the plant tissues such as roots, stems, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits or seeds. the nature of essential oils that stands out among other volatile at room temperature, has a bitter taste, smell fragrant aroma of the plant in accordance with that produced it, and generally soluble in organic solvents. As many as 70% of the world patchouli oil, supported by Indonesia and the United States is the largest importer of patchouli oil in the world.
Patchouli is from the Philippines. Since 1653 the plant has been used for bathing due distinctive aroma and fragrant. In 1895, a Dutch brought patchouli from the Philippines to Indonesia. For the first time patchouli used as intercrops in coffee plantations in the foothills of Mount Pasaman, West Sumatra. After the war in Aceh, the plant began to spread to the surrounding area of Aceh, as well as planted as sidelines in tobacco plantations and palm oil. Then in 1920, the Dutch government set up units of patchouli oil refining business in the area and found the results were not in vain because until now the refining process is still ongoing. Nilam are harvested at the age of 7-9 months, and can be harvested again in the next 3-4 months. Harvesting is done by the time the bottom yellow. After 3 years old, patchouli should be rejuvenated. Harvest should be done in the morning or evening, since the daytime, the oil content is reduced. All branches cut, except the one to stimulate the growth of new branches. Once harvested, should diekringkan first. Patchouli leaf overlaid on a clothesline and inverted, up to 5-8 hours. The leaves are wilted, aerated over bamboo racks. Drying time is 3-4 days. Once dry, can only be distilled.
Within this patchouli oil, patchouli alcohol contained substances (abbreviated as PA) are very useful in the international world. Patchouli oil well is containing PA containing 30%. The smell of patchouli oil is almost similar to cedar oil, which is used to fabricate the patchouli oil. How to distinguish between them, by means of filtered in filter paper, save for a few days, until the smell of oil cedarnya.
Varietas Plant Nilam
1. Pogostemon cablin Benth
Nilam type is more popularly known as Patchouli Aceh because there are many in the surrounding area of Aceh. The striking features of patchouli leaves are rounded like the heart and in the lower surface of the leaves are feather hair so that the leaves look pale. In addition, until the age of three years Patchouli Aceh almost no flowering.
2. Hortensis Backer Pogostemon
Nilam This type is also known by the name of patchouli soap because it can be used instead of soap. The salient features of patchouli soap that leaves a thinner sheets when compared with patchouli Aceh, not hairy, leaf surface appears shiny, and the color green.
3. Pogostemon Heyneanus Benth
Patchouli is more commonly referred patchouli woods or in Java many call patchouli java. Characteristics are the leaf tips rather pointy, thin leaf with dark green and flowering faster than Aceh and patchouli patchouli soap.
How to Get Oil Patchouli
1. Boiled.
Getting more Nilam Plant
First of all, put into a kettle of water, and heat. The kettle is made of stainless materials like stainless steel,
copper-plated aluminum, etc. From there, the steam out that flowed to the condenser. The steam will contain a liquid that contains a mixture of water and patchouli oil. then do the separation.
2. Steamed.
Getting more Nilam Plant
Similar to the first method, but between the leaf and oil, made separator. Patchouli leaf on it, the water underneath when in the kettle.
3. Evaporation.
Getting more NilamDiperlukan two boiler plants, one containing water boil, one, shaped sislinder. In order not to lose heat, boilers are wrapped in heat-retaining substances, such as gunny bags. Tools such as the coolant, the cooling bath there are the spiral pipe of stainless steel. Its function is to change the substance had become fluid. Then stored and broken down into two different substances, namely water and patchouli oil itself.
Other benefits Plants Nilam:
In addition to the perfume, there are many other uses for this patchouli oil dr.
1. Massage Oil.
Massage with essential oils can soothe the mind and soul, relaxes nerves and most importantly, can relieve stress. In the case of dermatitis (skin inflammation) and depression, essential oils are the most efficacious drug.
2. Mixed Incense.
Essential oils have teraphy aroma. The aroma can instantly relaxing. That is why the essential oil is also used to make incense. To produce the unique aroma of essential oils, essential oils can be mixed with other oils such as sandalwood, rose, jasmine, myrrh, and orange.
3. Prevent Body Odor
Patchouli essential oil or oil can also prevent the onset of body odor. Therefore it is widely used as a deodorant.
4. Treating Skin Diseases
This oil can also be used to cure various problems of skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema and dermatitis. It was because of patchouli oil has antiseptic properties so it is relatively faster in curing skin diseases or injuries. In addition, the oil also prevents the wound from further infection.
5. Anti Aging
This oil has anti-aging (aging) early. That is why essential oils are widely used for skin care products are exceptional. These oils make your skin younger and healthier. Also effectively used for scars, wrinkles and dry skin.
6. Expelling Insects
Not many who believe this, but the fact that essential oils can protect the home from insects. Because essential oils also have insecticidal properties were not disulkai by insects and can kill the insects. Can be used by spraying or evaporated.
7. Eliminate Scars
Essential oils protect your skin from various kinds of damage. This oil can also heal burns and ulcers. With regular use, essential oils can remove scars rash of measles and smallpox.
8. Treating Sexual Problems & Cholesterol
Other benefits of essential oils is to treat several sexual problems such as loss of libido, impot * Qu, problem er * ksi and frigidity (hard org * sme usually a woman). Moreover, it can reduce cholesterol and help you lose weight.
9. Treat Various Diseases
Essential oils are also useful for use in medicine such as cough, nausea, diarrhea, chills and headache. At the time of fever, especially those caused by infection, Essential is the best medicine.
10. Relief For snakebite
In Ayurveda, the patchouli oil is also used first aid in treating people bitten by snakes.
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